Frequency Modulation Explanation with Advantages and Disadvantages.

Frequency Modulation Explanation with Advantages and Disadvantages.

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Frequency Modulation :

  • It is a process in which the frequency of carrier voltage changes according to the instantaneous value of the following of modulating voltage(signals).

In Simple Words :

  • Frequency modulation(FM) is a way of sending information using radio waves. Instead of changing the height of waves(amplitude), FM changes the number of waves per second (frequency) to carry the information.

Advantages :

  • Improved Signal Quality: Compared to Amplitude Modulation (AM), FM signals are less vulnerable to amplitude changes brought on by noise and interference. Better sound quality is the outcome of this, particularly in high-quality audio transmissions.

  • Resistance to Interference: FM signals demonstrate greater reliability for long-distance transmissions and in high-EMI (electromagnetic interference) conditions because to their reduced susceptibility to atmospheric disturbances and electromagnetic interference.

  • Narrow Bandwidth: More FM channels can be accommodated within the given frequency spectrum since FM signals require a narrower bandwidth than AM signals to provide the same audio quality.

  • Constant Amplitude: FM signals keep their amplitude constant, in comparison to AM signals, whose amplitude fluctuates depending on the modulating signal. This lowers distortion and streamlines FM receiver design.

Disadvantages :

  • Large Bandwidth Requirement: FM signals are more noise-resistant than AM signals, but they still need a bigger bandwidth, which can reduce the number of FM channels that can fit in the frequency range.

  • Complexity and Cost: Compared to AM circuits, FM modulation and demodulation circuits are more complicated and expensive to implement, especially at higher frequencies.

  • Reduced Range: Compared to AM signals, FM broadcasts have a lesser effective range, particularly in situations where line-of-sight transmission is restricted, including in urban areas with tall buildings or mountainous area.

  • Less Efficient in Low-Frequency Range: FM modulation is less effective in low-frequency ranges than AM, which makes it less appropriate for long-distance communication in those frequency bands.

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