Table of contents
Frequency Modulation :
- It is a process in which the frequency of carrier voltage changes according to the instantaneous value of the following of modulating voltage(signals).
In Simple Words :
- Frequency modulation(FM) is a way of sending information using radio waves. Instead of changing the height of waves(amplitude), FM changes the number of waves per second (frequency) to carry the information.
Advantages :
Improved Signal Quality: Compared to Amplitude Modulation (AM), FM signals are less vulnerable to amplitude changes brought on by noise and interference. Better sound quality is the outcome of this, particularly in high-quality audio transmissions.
Resistance to Interference: FM signals demonstrate greater reliability for long-distance transmissions and in high-EMI (electromagnetic interference) conditions because to their reduced susceptibility to atmospheric disturbances and electromagnetic interference.
Narrow Bandwidth: More FM channels can be accommodated within the given frequency spectrum since FM signals require a narrower bandwidth than AM signals to provide the same audio quality.
Constant Amplitude: FM signals keep their amplitude constant, in comparison to AM signals, whose amplitude fluctuates depending on the modulating signal. This lowers distortion and streamlines FM receiver design.
Disadvantages :
Large Bandwidth Requirement: FM signals are more noise-resistant than AM signals, but they still need a bigger bandwidth, which can reduce the number of FM channels that can fit in the frequency range.
Complexity and Cost: Compared to AM circuits, FM modulation and demodulation circuits are more complicated and expensive to implement, especially at higher frequencies.
Reduced Range: Compared to AM signals, FM broadcasts have a lesser effective range, particularly in situations where line-of-sight transmission is restricted, including in urban areas with tall buildings or mountainous area.
Less Efficient in Low-Frequency Range: FM modulation is less effective in low-frequency ranges than AM, which makes it less appropriate for long-distance communication in those frequency bands.